Money Matters
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PSA: Beneficiaries

In the retirement thread I mentioned checking beneficiaries on your accounts annually. This should be one of your annual chores like spring cleaning or checking the batteries in your smoke detector.

Why?

Because the beneficiaries listed on an account TRUMPS your will.  That's right.  Writing your ex-spouse out of your will doesn't do a damn thing if most of your assets are in bank accounts and you don't change the beneficiaries there too.  It doesn't matter how great it might feel to "disinherit" them... if you don't change your beneficiaries too, your efforts probably didn't work.

As you probably know, divorce levels skyrocketed in the last half of the 20th century.  That's because no-fault divorce became a thing.  It previously wasn't a thing, so getting a divorce was hard because you had to show cause.  Well now it's (relatively) easy since you don't have to show cause, and that's why divorce rates are so high.  The boomers are the generation that really started it.  As the boomers have started to die their accountants, bankers, and lawyers have realized that this beneficiary rule has really messed up their estates because the boomers apparently grew up believing that their will was the final say in the division of their assets.  That's just not true, and there have been boatloads of lawsuits between ex-spouses and widow(er)s fighting over this very matter.  Well guess who wins in virtually every instance?  The ex-spouse.  S/he walks away triumphant and the person who the decedent really intended to inherit didn't.

These rules are unlkely to change, even though it generates a perverse result.  Why?  Because your bank probably operates under the laws of a state in which you don't live (South Dakota is a popular choice).  So even if your state changed its rules to allow your will to triumph, what happens if South Dakota hasn't changed it's rules too?  Exactly.  There is confusion. And I can tell you - South Dakota has made a lot of money with banking, so it won't change its laws anytime soon. Think about why: the cost to a bank of waiting for wills to be probated before distributing assets is pretty huge, actually.  They could be liable if they sent that money to the wrong person because a shady executor told them to do it, and they followed the executor's directions because he "had authority" under the will.  What if he's lying?  What if he's pocketing it?  It's vastly easier for them to operate if they know they can distribute funds to the beneficiary that the account holder named on that account without risking a lawsuit.  Result: it doesn't matter where you live; odds are your state gives priority to the beneficiaries named on your accounts, rather than the heirs named in your will.

Thesis: thinking about death is morbid. But it's inevitable, so it's smart to try to cover all your bases.  If you are divorced or you have married somebody previously divorced, keep the beneficiary rules in mind when generating your financial plan together.  If you have parents, siblings, close friends, etc. who are divorced or who have married somebody previously divorced, I think it's also worth mentioning to them (if you are comfortable doing so).  Way too many people "write' their own wills on legal zoom these days instead of talking to somebody who knows about this sort of thing, and it's only going to make the problem worse.

Wedding Countdown Ticker

Re: PSA: Beneficiaries

  • Also: keep in mind that joint accounts don't change at all if one of you dies (other than becoming a single account eventually).  The survivor can continue to pull funds from it without having to wait for a death certificate to be generated, etc., because you are both owners of that account.  So if you and your spouse can handle it, I think it's a good idea to at least have the e-fund be joint, or else keep enough in separate accounts for each of you to make it through a funeral and maybe another month of expenses before accessing your spouse's accounts.  That way you aren't suddenly short of funds while you're waiting for the banks to do their thing.  

    Also remember: if your spouse is in an accident and is incapacitated, s/he is not dead and the banks will not give you access to the funds in his/her private accounts, whether you are the beneficiary or not.  Likewise, your spouse's life insurance isn't going to pay out because your spouse is still alive.  If you and your spouse have to keep things separate because one of you has temptation problems, this is a challenging issue.  But think through what you might do in this situation.  H and I keep everything joint so that we simply don't have to deal with this if it were ever to arise.  For the accounts we aren't permitted to have joint by law (retirement), we have trading authority so that the other can legally start to liquidate things if needed.  Not for everybody, but it's how we have solved this issue. 
    Wedding Countdown Ticker
  • This is all good stuff to think about. Thanks!
  • All of what you stated is great advice.  I just checked all my beneficiaries this last July before we went on vacation.  Glad I did because I didn't have all my contigent's listed.  If I and DH were to die I would want my mother to have it.  As someone who has been thru a spouse dying you really want to cross all your t's and dot the i's when it comes to this stuff.  That's why we keep as much as we can "joint", because you don't want to be stressed about money when someone passes. 

    We also had a will done now that we have DD and our lawyer told us to check all of our beneficiaries on our accounts because the will doesn't dictate that.  Our will basically dictates what happens to DD if something were to happen to us.  Also make sure you know where your will is, and let the person you named "administrator" know where it is as well because you attorney is not allowed to give someone your will.
    Baby Birthday Ticker Ticker
  • vlagrl, I think it's a great suggestion to check those things before traveling - especially contingencies.  Too many people die in car crashes, etc., and if your spouse is with you when it happens there could be simaltaneous death situation.  Horrible to think about, but contingent beneficiaries are very important.

    I'm so sorry you went through a spouse dying.  I can hardly imagine what that must be like, and it's why H and I keep things joint as well.  As rational as we might be on normal days, I can't imagine that we'd be in any shape to figure that stuff out in the midst of grief.  
    Wedding Countdown Ticker

  • hoffse said:
    vlagrl, I think it's a great suggestion to check those things before traveling - especially contingencies.  Too many people die in car crashes, etc., and if your spouse is with you when it happens there could be simaltaneous death situation.  Horrible to think about, but contingent beneficiaries are very important.

    I'm so sorry you went through a spouse dying.  I can hardly imagine what that must be like, and it's why H and I keep things joint as well.  As rational as we might be on normal days, I can't imagine that we'd be in any shape to figure that stuff out in the midst of grief.  
    It's really hard and you can't even count on an attorney being able to get you the money if you have separate accounts.  I came to BOA with a letter my attorney wrote that basically said I'm the administrator of his estate and I'm in need of the money.  I had to take over paying bills and house payment, etc!  I about had a break down in the bank. I looked at the teller and asked her what the hell I was supposed to do with all these bills coming due!  Luckily I remembered from when his mom passed, you can take his atm card and take out the maximum amount of money from the atm until they locked his account because he deceased.  I did that every day until they locked it. That got me until I got the death certificate, which was 2 months after he passed.  That death certificate is like liquid gold to getting money.  So just an FYI to those that have separate bank accounts, remember you can take that money out of the ATM because POD does shit for you.
    Baby Birthday Ticker Ticker
  • Awesome post all around! So helpful!

    Yes, "payable on death" listings on bank accounts are tricky. But, because the banks have been victims of fraud so much, and account holders have too, banks cannot give out money unless they have a legal document stating a death. It really stinks. As a banker in my pre SAHM life, I faced a few situations of accounts listings legitimate PODs, but no death certificate had been presented yet and my hands were tied.

    I have also seen someone come into my bank, claiming someone was dead and trying to get their money (but they weren't really dead). But, because of the "no death cert, no money" rule, we stopped the fraudster. 

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